Carmine
Red pigment from dried female cochineal insects (Dactylopius coccus). Used in lipsticks, eyeshadows, and blushes for a deep red shade. Not vegan – absence of carmine is often used as a marker of vegan cosmetics. Allergenic potential ranges from low to moderate.
Evidence by route
Topical application
BLimited evidence. One RCT or several controlled studies with limitations.
Functional pigment with no active skin effect. Cosmetic safety is established. Allergic reactions are reported (from contact dermatitis to isolated anaphylaxis reports with oral intake), so iron oxides (CI 77491/77492/77499) are preferred alternatives in sensitive cases.
- Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR). Safety assessment of Cochineal extract and Carmine. 2019.
Tolerability and safety
Irritation potential
LowAllergen risk
ModeratePregnancy
SafeSkin types
Suitable for
Use with caution
Frequently asked questions
Is Carmine safe during pregnancy?
Carmine is considered safe during pregnancy at typical cosmetic concentrations. Systemic absorption through the skin is minimal.
What skin types is Carmine for?
Carmine suits: normal, dry, combination, oily. Use with caution in: sensitive.