Eugenol
Aromatic component of clove oil with a spicy scent. Listed among the 26 mandatory EU fragrance allergens and frequently causes contact allergy.
Evidence by route
Topical application
Eugenol is part of the standard patch-test panel (fragrance mix I). Positive reactions occur in 1–3% of dermatology clinic patients.
How to read tiers A–F
- CWeak evidence. In vitro data, open-label studies, or expert consensus
Tolerability and safety
- Irritation potential
- Medium
- Allergen risk
- High
- Pregnancy
- Caution
- Suitable for
- Normal
- Use with caution
- Sensitive, Dry
For sensitive skin
One of the most frequent contact allergens in perfumery. Sensitive skin should avoid it, contraindicated for dermatitis.
About this ingredient
Eugenol is an aromatic phenylpropanoid, the main component of clove oil (70-90%). Also found in basil, cinnamon, and nutmeg oils. In cosmetics it adds a spicy clove-like note. Where applied. Perfumery, scented creams and lotions, soap, hair balms. In dentistry as an anesthetic and antiseptic (eugenol-based cements). Contact allergy. Eugenol is on the mandatory EU list of 26 fragrance allergens (Regulation 1223/2009 Annex III). Above 0.001% in leave-on and 0.01% in rinse-off products, it must be listed on the label. ESCD 2020: positive patch-test reactions in 1.5-3% of patients with suspected fragrance allergy. Some cases cross-react with isoeugenol and methyleugenol. Safety. SCCS 2012 deemed eugenol safe up to 0.5% in leave-on and 2% in rinse-off products with labeling. IFRA Restriction: up to 0.5% in the finished skin product. Mild anti-inflammatory effect in vitro, but clinical data are insufficient for recommendations. Pregnancy and lactation – use with caution. Spanish AEDV 2023 recommends avoiding high concentrations in sensitive skin and pregnancy. Systemic absorption through intact skin is low, but in combination with other aromatic aldehydes sensitization may increase. Alternatives for allergic patients. Fragrance-free formulas, hypoallergenic synthetic fragrances without the 26-allergen list.
Frequently asked questions
Is Eugenol safe during pregnancy?
Eugenol should be used with caution during pregnancy. Consulting a dermatologist or OB-GYN is advisable.
What skin types is Eugenol for?
Eugenol suits: normal. Use with caution in: sensitive, dry.
Can Eugenol irritate the skin?
Eugenol has moderate irritation potential. Sensitive skin may show a transient reaction that usually settles with adaptation.
Can Eugenol cause an allergic reaction?
Eugenol has high allergen potential. Perform a patch test on the inner forearm 24 hours before facial application.
What is Eugenol and what does it do in cosmetics?
Aromatic component of clove oil with a spicy scent.
What's the INCI name for Eugenol?
The INCI name is Eugenol.
See Eugenol in a product composition right on the store page
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