Acute pulmonary edema

Emergency with fluid accumulation in alveoli from acute rise in pulmonary capillary pressure. Management includes intravenous furosemide, vasodilators, oxygen, and non-invasive ventilation in severe hypoxia.

ICD-10 J811 drug

Also known as: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Drugs used for this condition

AFurosemideFirst line · Loop diureticsFirst-line in acute decompensated HF with pulmonary edema per ESC HF 2021. IV bolus 20–40 mg (or twice the chronic oral daily dose in pre-treated patients). With inadequate response, continuous infusion. Goal: sustained 3–5 L diuresis in the first 24–48 hours and relief of venous congestion. Monitor BP, potassium, creatinine, urine output.

How to read tiers A–F

Evidence tiers belong to the drug-indication pair, not to the drug as a whole: the same substance can be A for one condition and F for another.

AStrong evidence – first or second line in international guidelines
BRecommended in selected cases
CStudy data contradict each other
DBenefit not proven, no documented harm
FDocumented harm, or risk without benefit