Evigrade

Doxazosin

AEMPS

Long-acting selective α1-adrenoceptor antagonist

ATC code: C02CA04

Updated · Methodology

Indications

Marketing claims without evidence base

The drug is promoted for these uses outside international guidelines. Each entry below is analyzed against AEMPS, FDA, EMA, Cochrane and major RCTs.

F

Stress and anxiety

Not recommended

Doxazosin is an alpha-1 blocker used for hypertension (as a non-first-line drug; the ALLHAT 2000 trial showed it underperforms diuretics on hard endpoints) and for benign prostatic hyperplasia. For post-traumatic stress disorder with nightmares, prazosin (a related drug) is used off-label ( 2017 and VA/DoD 2023 guidelines). Doxazosin is not included in that recommendation and is not used for anxiety control outside HTN, BPH, or PTSD. The drug has serious risks: a first-dose phenomenon with severe orthostatic hypotension and syncope (especially in older adults), paradoxical rebound hypertension on abrupt discontinuation, and fall risk. If doxazosin was prescribed for anxiety or nightmares, consider seeking a second opinion.

ICD-10: F41.9 · ICD-11: 6B0Z

How to read tiers A–F
  • AStrong evidence – first or second line in international guidelines
  • BRecommended in selected cases
  • CStudy data contradict each other
  • DBenefit not proven, no documented harm
  • FDocumented harm, or risk without benefit

Mechanism of action

A selective postsynaptic α1-adrenoceptor antagonist in vascular smooth muscle, prostate, and bladder neck. Reduces peripheral vascular resistance and BP; relaxes prostatic smooth muscle and improves micturition. Less prostate-selective than tamsulosin and silodosin – more orthostatic hypotension. Half-life 22 hours in extended-release GITS form (Cardura XL) – once-daily dosing.

Safety

Contraindications

  • Doxazosin or quinazoline hypersensitivity
  • Hypotension
  • Severe hepatic impairment
  • Pregnancy and lactation
  • Age under 18

Serious adverse effects

  • Syncope with first dose or dose increase
  • Intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS)
  • Priapism (rare)
  • Tachycardia and atrial fibrillation
  • Heart failure (ALLHAT)

Common adverse effects

  • Dizziness
  • Orthostatic hypotension
  • Nasal congestion
  • Fatigue
  • Ankle edema
  • Retrograde ejaculation

Pregnancy: can you take Doxazosin?

Limited data. For pregnancy hypertension, labetalol or methyldopa are preferred.

Breastfeeding: can you take Doxazosin?

Not used during lactation.

Reference information, not a clinical decision. Discuss feeding pauses or changes with your physician or an IBCLC.

Practical notes

Timing and administration

Take GITS once daily at the same time, with or without food, do not break or chew. Start at 1 mg with titration every 1–2 weeks to target – high first dose causes marked orthostatic hypotension (first-dose phenomenon). Before cataract or glaucoma surgery, warn the ophthalmologist – intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS) risk.
Label mentions22 mentions

Verbatim lines from the interaction sections, in the language of the label

From this drug’s label

  • ModerateCYP3A4 inhibitorsclass named in the label
    «DRUG INTERACTIONS: Strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A inhibitors may increase exposure to doxazosin and increased risk of hypotension. ( 7.1 ) Concomitant administration of doxazosin tablets with a…»

    FDA, section 7 · Open on DailyMed

  • Moderateinhibidores de la PDE5class named in the label
    «Uso con inhibidores de la PDE-5 : La administración concomitante de doxazosina con inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa-5 (p.ej. sildenafilo, tadalafilo y vardenafilo) debe realizarse con precaución…»

    AEMPS, section 4.4 · Open on CIMA

  • ModeratePDE5 inhibitorsclass named in the label
    «DRUG INTERACTIONS: Strong cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A inhibitors may increase exposure to doxazosin and increased risk of hypotension. ( 7.1 ) Concomitant administration of doxazosin tablets with a…»

    FDA, section 7 · Open on DailyMed

  • ModerateSildenafil
    «Uso con inhibidores de la PDE-5 : La administración concomitante de doxazosina con inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa-5 (p.ej. sildenafilo, tadalafilo y vardenafilo) debe realizarse con precaución…»

    AEMPS, section 4.4 · Open on CIMA

  • ModerateTadalafil
    «Uso con inhibidores de la PDE-5 : La administración concomitante de doxazosina con inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa-5 (p.ej. sildenafilo, tadalafilo y vardenafilo) debe realizarse con precaución…»

    AEMPS, section 4.4 · Open on CIMA

  • ModerateVardenafil
    «Uso con inhibidores de la PDE-5 : La administración concomitante de doxazosina con inhibidores de la fosfodiesterasa-5 (p.ej. sildenafilo, tadalafilo y vardenafilo) debe realizarse con precaución…»

    AEMPS, section 4.4 · Open on CIMA

  • anticoagulantesclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • antidiabéticosclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • antidiabéticos oralesclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • betabloqueantesclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • «La mayoría (98%) de la doxazosina plasmática está unida a proteínas. Los datos in vitro de plasma humano indican que la doxazosina no tiene efecto en la unión a proteínas plasmáticas de digoxina…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • diuréticosclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • «La mayoría (98%) de la doxazosina plasmática está unida a proteínas. Los datos in vitro de plasma humano indican que la doxazosina no tiene efecto en la unión a proteínas plasmáticas de digoxina…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • simpaticomiméticosclass named in the label
    «Los simpaticomiméticos pueden reducir el efecto antihipertensivo de doxazosina. Doxazosina puede reducir la tensión arterial y las reacciones vasculares de dopamina, efedrina, epinefrina…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • tiazidasclass named in the label
    «En la experiencia clínica, la doxazosina convencional ha sido administrada sin ningún tipo de reacción adversa de interacción con diuréticos tiazídicos, furosemida, beta-bloqueantes, medicamentos…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • «La mayoría (98%) de la doxazosina plasmática está unida a proteínas. Los datos in vitro de plasma humano indican que la doxazosina no tiene efecto en la unión a proteínas plasmáticas de digoxina…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

From other drugs’ labels

  • «Antihipertensivos (incluyendo bloqueantes de los canales del calcio): La administración conjunta de doxazosina (4 y 8 mg diarios) y tadalafilo (dosis diaria de 5 mg, y dosis única de 20 mg) aumenta…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • ModerateRamipril
    «Agentes antihipertensivos (por ejemplo, diuréticos) y otros medicamentos que puedan reducir la presión arterial (por ejemplo, nitratos, antidepresivos tricíclicos, anestésicos, ingesta aguda de…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

  • ModerateTadalafil
    «Potential for Pharmacodynamic Interactions with Tadalafil Tablets: Alpha-Blockers — Caution is advised when PDE5 inhibitors are coadministered with alpha-blockers. PDE5 inhibitors, including…»

    FDA, section 7 · Open on DailyMed

  • «Drug Interactions: Postural hypotension has been reported in patients taking both beta-blockers and terazosin or doxazosin.»

    FDA, section 7 · Open on DailyMed

  • «La administración concomitante de sildenafilo a pacientes en tratamiento con alfabloqueantes puede producir hipotensión sintomática en un pequeño número de pacientes que puede ser más susceptible de…»

    AEMPS, section 4.5 · Open on CIMA

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Frequently asked

What is Doxazosin used for?

Doxazosin is evaluated for the following indications with varying evidence strength: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (evidence tier A), Hypertension (evidence tier C), Stress and anxiety (evidence tier F). See the full indication matrix with dosing and citations above on this page.

What are the side effects of Doxazosin?

Common side effects of Doxazosin (≥ 1 in 100): Dizziness, Orthostatic hypotension, Nasal congestion, Fatigue, Ankle edema, Retrograde ejaculation. See the Safety section for uncommon and serious reactions.

Is Doxazosin safe during pregnancy?

Limited data. For pregnancy hypertension, labetalol or methyldopa are preferred.

Is Doxazosin compatible with breastfeeding?

Not used during lactation.

Who should not take Doxazosin?

Doxazosin is contraindicated in: Doxazosin or quinazoline hypersensitivity; Hypotension; Severe hepatic impairment; Pregnancy and lactation; Age under 18. Full list in the Safety section.

Official sources

Direct links to regulator labels. Open in a new tab.

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